question 2

QUESTION TWO:

2.1)

Information fluency is a form of competency in any state of subject, which is seen to be a goal and motivation for students to excel in a learning environment and how it may be structured.

Information fluency- takes unique skills to navigate the online series of data we have daily. Therefore Information Fluency are skills needed to not only look for information, but to also develop useful knowledge that may help effectively solve the real-world issues.

With the use of the information fluency process to break through the ground-breaking archaeological findings by Professor Lee Berger from Wits University:

Asking: Where's the evolution?

Arguably the most remarkable thing about Homo naledi is how and where it was found. Back in 2013, two eagle-eyed cavers spotted human remains in a remote cavern deep inside the Rising Star cave system, just outside of Johannesburg, South Africa. The chamber, dubbed the Denaledi Chamber ("chamber of stars"), is about 30 meters below the surface and accessible only via more than 80 meters of often extremely narrow passages. Berger himself was too large to access the fossils, so he gathered a team of scientists small and limber enough to make the arduous descent. What Berger's team of "underground astronauts" found there was the largest and most varied assemblage of hominin fossils ever found in Africa. (A hominin is any species more closely related to modern humans than to modern chimpanzees.)

Acquire

  Berger and his team considered many different hypotheses. Could the hominins have been dragged there by some predator? The researchers eliminated this possibility because there were no signs of teeth marks on any of the fossil fragments, and the condition of the remains themselves suggests that they did not undergo any kind of severe trauma right before death. In addition, there were almost no other remains present — nearly every fossil in the cave was from Homo naledi. The likely predators wouldn't have been so selective! Could they have lived in the cave? This seems unlikely because of how inaccessible the cave was, and because there was no sign at all of habitation — no food remains or tools, for example. Could they have been caught in a current of water somehow, possibly during a flood? Not likely, since a flood would have carried in other organisms and a greater diversity of sediments than are present. Could they have become trapped all at once? Again, not likely because there is some geological evidence that the remains were deposited over some amount of time. So the most plausible explanation of this sort would be that there were repeated events in which groups of individuals became trapped. The researchers regard that as possible but unlikely

Analyse

In the case of Homo naledi, apomorphies that suggest its placement within the genus Homo include certain characteristics of its cranial structure and dentition, which appear derived from earlier hominin species. The hands suggest finely tuned motor skills, and the teeth suggest a diet of high-quality foods, such as meat and tubers. The feet are also apomorphic with other Homo species and suggest Homo naledi was capable of walking efficiently for long periods. In fact, they are so similar to that of modern humans one researcher commented that if you came across just a Homo naledi foot in a cave, you'd assume it was that of a recently deceased modern human. Other characteristics, however, such as its small cranial capacity, short shoulder blades that sit high and wide on the trunk, and flared upper pelvis, appear ancestral to later hominin species. These traits are plesiomorphies, and would suggest its placement outside of the Homogenus.

Ø  Apply-  Since the ground-breaking archaeological (Homo Naledi) findings by Lee Berger from Wits University it is clear that the Homo Naledi is closely related to modern humans. The Homo Naledi was on earth about 2 million years ago and was extinct about 70,000 years ago before human came about.

Ø  Assess: the ground-breaking archaeological findings has been assessed , with the results being that the Homo Naledi species are proof that there was life on earth before humans.